DFA alpha-1 (RMSSD-Epoch Proxy)
Abnormalnan
Applied to RMSSD epochs (not RR intervals) — ref ~1.0 (not directly comparable) | 95% KI: (nan, nan)
1.5534
Healthy: 1.5-2.5 | normal
6.21
Normal: <150 | normal
5.84bpm
Healthy: 15-25 bpm | Acrophase: 10:41
0.5121
Healthy: >0.6 | moderately_reduced
11.05%
Mean: 80.4 bpm | high_variability
1. Proxy Frequency Spectrum (Lomb-Scargle)
Note: Analysis based on 5-minute RMSSD epochs (not beat-to-beat RR intervals).
Nyquist frequency is limited to ~0.00167 Hz, so the table below uses proxy bands across the
accessible spectrum only. These labels are heuristic and do not support standard LF/HF physiology claims.
| Band | Power | Proportion | Interpretation |
|---|
| Lower proxy band | 0.0 | 4.9% | Lowest third of accessible RMSSD-epoch spectrum |
| Mid proxy band | 0.0 | 80.3% | Middle third of accessible RMSSD-epoch spectrum |
| Upper proxy band | 0.0 | 14.8% | Upper third of accessible RMSSD-epoch spectrum |
| Upper/lower proxy ratio | 5.42 | Heuristic spectral balance only; not a standard sympathovagal index |
2. Multiscale Entropy (MSE)
Pattern: High entropy preserved - possible inflammatory pattern
Low-scale mean: 0.6492 | High-scale mean: 0.6931
Costa et al. 2005: Healthy systems show high entropy across all scales. Neuropathic disease shows decline at high scales.
3. Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA)
| Metric | Value | Interpretation |
|---|
| Recurrence Rate (RR) | 0.0124 | Proportion of recurrent states |
| Determinism (DET) | 0.5121 | Reduced predictability |
| Laminarity (LAM) | 0.23 | Degree of intermittency |
| Diagonal Entropy | 1.2757 | Complexity of diagonal lines |
Moderately reduced determinism
4. RMSSD-Epoch DFA (Proxy)
Note: DFA is originally designed for beat-to-beat RR-interval time series.
Applied here to 5-minute RMSSD epochs as a proxy. Reference values from RR-interval studies;
RMSSD-epoch DFA values are not directly comparable.
| Parameter | Value | 95% CI | Reference (RR-interval literature) |
|---|
| alpha-1 (short-term) | nan | (nan, nan) | ~1.0 (RR-interval ref; proxy may differ) |
| alpha-2 (long-term) | nan | (nan, nan) | ~1.0 (RR-interval ref; proxy may differ) |
| alpha (full) | nan | - | ~1.0 (RR-interval ref) |
nolds not installed - DFA cannot be computed
5. Approximate Entropy (ApEn) and Sample Entropy (SampEn)
| Metric | Value | Parameters | Healthy Reference |
|---|
| ApEn | 1.5808 | m=2, r=2.5686 | ~1.0-1.5 |
| SampEn | 1.5534 | m=2, r=2.5686 | ~1.5-2.5 |
Normal complexity
6. Hjorth Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|
| Activity | 164.9394 ms2 | Signal variance (power) |
| Mobility | 0.5471 | Mean frequency (low = monotonous signal) |
| Complexity | 2.9509 | Rate of frequency change |
7. Baevsky Stress Index (SI)
| Component | Value |
|---|
| AMo (mode amplitude) | 10.03% |
| Mo (mode) | 8.25 ms |
| MxDMn (range) | 98.0 ms |
| SI (scaled) | 6.21 |
Normal stress level
Reference (Baevsky 2002): Normal <150, Moderate 150-500, High >500, Pathological >1000
8. Toichi CVI/CSI (Vagal/Sympathetic Index)
| Parameter | Patient | Healthy Reference | % of Normal |
|---|
| SD1 (vagal) | 4.969 ms | 30 ms | 16.6% |
| SD2 (sympathetic) | 17.469 ms | 60 ms | 29.1% |
| CVI | 1.9385 | 3.255 | - |
| CSI | 3.5158 | 2.0 | - |
CVI=1.94 (healthy ref: 3.26) - severely reduced vagal tone. CSI=3.52 (healthy ref: 2.0) - sympathetic dominance.
9. Cosinor Circadian Analysis (Heart Rate)
| Parameter | Value | Reference |
|---|
| MESOR | 91.05 bpm | 60-80 bpm (healthy) |
| Amplitude | 5.84 bpm | 15-25 bpm |
| Acrophase | 10:41 | 14:00-17:00 |
| R2 | 0.0622 | >0.3 for significant rhythm |
Flattened circadian rhythm
10. HR Complexity (Permutation and Spectral Entropy)
| Metric | Value | Healthy Reference |
|---|
| Permutation Entropy (PE) | 0.9752 | >0.85 |
| Spectral Entropy (SE) | 0.6903 | >0.80 |
Normal ordinal pattern complexity
11. Night-to-Night HR Variability
| Parameter | Value |
|---|
| Number of Nights | 128 |
| Mean Nocturnal HR | 80.4 bpm |
| SD Nocturnal HR | 8.89 bpm |
| CV | 11.05% |
| Min-Max | 61.0 - 113.9 bpm |
| Trend | declining trend (-0.18 bpm/night) |
12. Wearable Allostatic Load Score
3 / 7
MODERATE
| Biomarker | Value | Threshold | Status |
|---|
| Hr Avg Sleep |
80.4 bpm |
> 80 bpm |
EXCEEDED |
| Hrv Rmssd |
15.3 ms |
> 15 ms |
OK |
| Sleep Efficiency |
72.5 % |
< 85 % |
EXCEEDED |
| Temp Deviation |
0.222 °C |
> 0.5 °C |
OK |
| Spo2 |
96.13 % |
< 95 % |
OK |
| Deep Sleep Pct |
17.6 % |
< 10 % |
OK |
| Rem Sleep Pct |
11.7 % |
< 15 % |
EXCEEDED |
Moderate allostatic load (3/7)
Clinical Summary
Key Findings:
Advanced analysis of 9,707 RMSSD epochs and 62,971
heart rate measurements confirms severe autonomic dysfunction in this post-hsct patient.
Key Metrics:
- DFA alpha-1 (RMSSD-Epoch Proxy) = nan (RR-interval ref ~1.0; proxy may differ): nolds not installed - DFA cannot be computed
- SampEn = 1.5534 (RR-interval ref 1.5-2.5; RMSSD-epoch may differ): Normal complexity
- Toichi CVI = 1.9385 (reference 3.255): Severely reduced vagal tone
- Cosinor amplitude = 5.84 bpm (reference 15-25): Flattened circadian rhythm
- Allostatic load score = 3/7: moderate
- RQA determinism = 0.5121: Moderately reduced determinism
Clinical Interpretation:
Combined analyses show a pattern consistent with severe autonomic neuropathy with both
parasympathetic failure (low CVI, low SampEn, low SD1) and chronodisruption (low cosinor amplitude).
MSE pattern (inflammatory) and DFA findings support loss of fractal dynamics.
The high allostatic load (3/7) indicates systemic
physiological stress exceeding adaptive capacity.
Analysis based on Oura Ring Gen 4 data (Jan-Mar 2026). RMSSD epochs are 5-minute intervals
during sleep. DFA and SampEn are computed from RMSSD epochs (proxy) - not beat-to-beat RR intervals.
Reference values from RR-interval studies are not directly comparable.
Frequency domain values are approximations based on Lomb-Scargle periodogram, not
beat-to-beat analysis, and should be interpreted as relative indicators.
Population norms for RMSSD are from controlled clinical 5-minute recordings;
consumer wearable nocturnal values may differ.